Name, Image, Likeness, Publicity. Rights over the commercial use of a person's identity markers — name, face, voice, persona, likeness, and brand identity. NILP rights are engaged by voice cloning, deepfakes, AI-generated likenesses, and synthetic impersonation.
Community reference material. General legal concepts that are jurisdiction-dependent.
Rights protecting faceprints, voiceprints, and other biometric identifiers. Distinct from NILP rights, biometric rights address the use of measurable biological data in AI model training and inference.
Rights protecting the authorship integrity of a creative work. They include the right of attribution (to be identified as the author), the right of integrity (to object to distortion or mutilation), and sometimes the right of disclosure or withdrawal.
Rights held by performers, phonogram producers, and broadcasters in creative works, distinct from copyright. They include reproduction rights, making available rights, and communication rights. Neighbouring rights subsist independently of copyright and are not waived by AI ingestion.
Rights granted by a state authority following a formal application, examination, and payment of fees. They do not exist until the registration is confirmed and are maintained only while renewal fees are paid. Examples include patents (granted after examination of novelty and inventive step), registered trade marks (granted after examination and opposition periods), and registered designs (protecting the visual appearance of a product). Registered rights are largely peripheral to the CIP framework, which focuses on subsisting rights — the automatic rights that arise at creation and persist through every stage of AI use, regardless of registration. The primary IP issues in AI pipelines are subsisting rather than registered. However, AI-generated outputs may engage registered trade marks where they reproduce a brand's distinctive signs, and legal practitioners should be aware of both categories.